Ôn tập Tiếng Anh 9 - Chuyên đề: Câu bị động (Passive voice)

Nội dung tài liệu: Ôn tập Tiếng Anh 9 - Chuyên đề: Câu bị động (Passive voice)

1. CHUYÊN ĐỀ 2 CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG (PASSIVE VOICE) * PHẦN I: LÍ THUYẾT I - Định nghĩa: 1. Câu chủ động là câu mà chủ ngữ gây ra hành động We have finished our homework. 2. Câu bị động là câu mà chủ ngữ bị tác động bởi hành động Our homework has been finished. II.Cách dùng câu bị động. - Khi không cần thiết phải nhắc đến tác nhân gây hành động( do tình huống đã quá rõ ràng hoặc do không quan trọng). Eg: The road has been repaired. -Khi chúng ta không biết hoặc quên người thực hiện hành động. Eg: The money was stolen. - Khi chúng ta quan tâm đến bản thân hành động hơn là người thực hiện hành động. Eg: This book was published in Vietnam. - Khi chủ ngữ của câu chủ động là chủ ngữ không xác định như : people, they, someone Eg: People say that he will win. It’s said that he will win. - Khi người nói không muốn nhắc đến chủ thể gây ra hành động Eg: Smoking is not allowed here. III. Quy tắc chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động 1. Tìm hiểu,phân tích câu làm 3 thành phần (S,V,O) 2. Đưa tân ngữ của câu chủ động xuống làm chủ ngữ của câu bị đông 3. Đổi động từ của câu chủ động thành (be+Ved/3)-câu chủ động ở thì nào thì động từ tobe phải ở thì đó 4. Đưa S của câu chủ động xuống làm O của câu bị động đợc đặt sau giới từ By.(By có thể lược bỏ nếu S không rõ hay không quan trọng như: people,someone,they,somebody ) Active : S + V + O Pasive : S + be + V(ed/3) + (by + O) Mr Manh teaches English English is taught by Mr Manh *Note : - Nếu trong câu có nhiều trạng từ thị khi chuyển sang câu bị động chúng được sắp xếp theo thứ tự sau : Thể cách + nơi chốn + thời gian Trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn được đặt trước By + O 1
2. Trạng từ chỉ thời gian được đặt sau By + O IV – Câu bị động của các thì trong tiếng anh Tenses Active Passive Hiện tại đơn giản S + V_(s/es) is S + Am + V_(ed/3) + by + O Are Quá khứ đơn giản S + V_(ed/2) was S + + V_(ed/3) + by + O were Hiện tại tiếp diễn is is S + Am + V-ing S +Am+being +V(ed/3)+by+O Are Are Quá khứ tiếp diễn was was S + +V-ing S + +being+V(ed/3) +by+O were Were Hiện tại hoàn thành Have Have S+ +V(ed/3) S+ + been + V(ed/3)+by+O Has Has Tương lai đơn và động Will Will từ khuyết thiếu Can Can S+Shall + V S+ Shall + be + Ved/3+by+O Ought to Ought to Should Should V. Một số ví dụ đổi từ câu chủ động sang bị động Chủ động Bị động - Some one takes her to school every week. - She is taken to school everyday. - Some one is taking her to school now. - She is being taken to school now. - Someone has just taken her to school. - She has just been taken to school. - Some one took her to school yesterday. - She was taken to school. - Someone was taking her to school at this - She was being taken to school at this time time yesterday. yesterday. - Someone had taken her to school before I - She had been taken to school before I got got to her house. to her house. - Someone will take her to school soon. - She will be taken to school soon. - Someone should take her to school. - She should be taken to school. - Someone must take her to school. - She must be taken to school. - Someone has to take her to school. - She has to be taken to school. - Someone used to take her to school when - She used to be taken to school when she she was young. was young. - Someone will continue to take her to school. - She will continue to be taken to school - Someone is going to take her to school. - She is going to be taken to school. - Someone should have taken her to school. - She should have been taken to school. 2
3. - We want someone to take her to school. - We want her to be taken to school. - She likes someone taking her to school. - She likes being taken to school. - She likes people to help her. - She likes to be helped. VI.Một số trường hợp bị động đặc biệt thường dùng: 1. Bị động với “ have / get something done ”: Hình thức bị động này được sử dụng để nhấn mạnh rằng hành động của chủ thể được thực hiện bởi người khác. . Cấu trúc Have / get something done. ( dạng nhờ bảo ). a. Với have. Active : S + have + Object( person) + bare infinitive + Object. Passive : S + have + Object ( thing) + Past Participle (+ by + Object( person)) Eg : Eg: + Someone painted John’s flat yesterday. John had his flat pạinted yesterday. I has him repair my bicycle yesterday. -> I had my bicycle repaired yesterday. b.Với get. Active: S + get + O (person) + to infinitive + O ( thing) Passive : S + get + O (thing) + Past participle (+by + O(person)) Eg: I get her to make some coffee. -> I get some coffee made. 2. Bị động với hình thức nguyên thể (infinitive) và danh động từ (gerund ). Eg: + We dọn’t want to be refused entry. + She hates being photographed. 3.Câu bị động khách quan: Bị động với các động từ chỉ quan điểm ( verbs of opinion ): say, think, know, believe, report ( thông báo, báo cáo), consider ( cho rằng ), acknowledge ( thừa nhận) Hình thức bị động này thường được sử dụng khi người nói muốn tránh đề cập tới chủ thể thực hiện hành động. It + to be + PII(ed/cột 3) + that + clause. Hoặc: S + to be + PII(ed/cột 3) + to-inf/to have + PII(ed/cột 3). Eg:1. + People believe that David left New Zealand last week. 3
4. It is believed that David left New Zealand last week. David is believed to have left New Zealand last week. Eg 2.- They say that Mr Pike works in a big company. - It is said that Mr Pike works in a big company. - Mr Pike is said to work in a big company Eg3 : - They say that Mr Ron is living abroad now. Cách 1 : - It is said that Mr Ron is living abroad. Cách2 : - Mr Ron is said to be living abroad now. VII/ Một số trường hợp đổi đặc biệt khác 1. Câu có 2 tân ngữ - My father gave an English book to me. = I was given an English book by my father. = An English book was given to me by my father. 2. They didn't mention any names.( Họ không nhắc tới cái tên nào cả) = No names were mentioned.( Không có cái tên nào đợc nhắc tới) 3. Who wrote this book ? = By whom was this book written ? = Whom was this book written by ? 4. My father lets me watch TV in the evening.( Bố tôi để cho tôi xem TV vào buổi tối) = I am let watch TV in the evening by my mother. 5. Our father made us work hard.( Bố chúng tôi bắt chúng tôi phải làm việc tích cực) = We were made to work hard by our father. 6. They saw him come in. ( Họ đã nhìn thấy anh ta đi vào ) = He was seen to come in. 7. They saw him coming in. ( Họ nhìn thấy anh ta đang đi vào) = He was seen coming in. 8. I remember that my father took me to the zoo last month. = I remember my father taking me to the zoo last month = I remember being taken to the zoo last month by my father 9. You should know how to drive. ( Bạn cần phải biết lái xe.) - It is your duty to know how to drive. = You are supposed to know how to drive. 10. you need to water these trees. (bạn cần tưới những cái cây này) = these trees need watering / these trees need to be watered 11. active: S1 + V1 + O 1 + to V2 infinitive + O2 - passive: S1 + V1 + O 1 + that + O2 + should be + V2-ed3 Example: She advised me to sell that house. - She advised me that house should be sold. 12.active: V + O passive: let + O + be + V-ed3 Example: “Open the book , please” - Let the book be opened. 4
5. Phần 2. BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG EX 1. 1. We can’t go along here because the road A. is repairing B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. repairs 2. The story I’ve just read Agatha Christie A. was written B. was written by C. was written from D. wrote by 3. I’m going to go out and A. have cut my hair B. have my hair cut C. cut my hair D. my hair be cut 4. Something funny in class yesterday A. happened B. was happened C. happens D. is happened 5. Many US automobiles in Detroit, Michigan A. manufacture B. have manufactured C. are manufactured D.are manufacturing 6. A lot of pesticide residue can unwashed produce A. find B. found C. be finding D. be found 7. We by a loud noise during the night A. woke up B. are woken up C. were woken up D. were waking up 8. Some film stars difficult to work with A. are said be B. are said to be C. say to be D. said to be 9. Why did Tom keep making jokes about me? – I don’t enjoy at A. be laughed B. to be laughed C. laughing D.being laughed 10. Today, many serious childhood diseases by early immunization A. are preventing B. can prevent C. prevent D. can be prevented 11. Do you get your heating every year? A. checking B. check C. be checked D. checked 12. Bicycles in the driveway A. must not leave B. must not be leaving C. must not be left D. must not have left 13. Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony next weekend A. is going to be performed B. has been performed D. will be performing D. will have perform 14. All bottles before transportation A. frozen B. were froze C. were frozen D. are froze 15. yet? A. Have the letters been typed B. Have been the letters typed C. Have the letters typed D. Had the letters typed 16. English has become a second language in countries like India, Nigeria or Singapore where for administration, broadcasting and education A. is used B. it is used C. used D. being used 17. The telephones by Alexander Graham Bell A. is invented B. is inventing C. invented D. was invented 18. Lots of houses by the earthquake A. are destroying B. destroyed C. were destroyed D. is destroyed 19. Gold in California in the 19th century A. was discovered B. has been discovered C. was discover D. they discover 20. The preparation by the time the guest A. had been finished- arrived B. have finished- arrived C. had finished-were arriving D. have been finished- were arrived 5
6. 21 The boy___ by the teacher yesterday. A. punish B. punished C. punishing D. was punished 22. “Ms Jones, please type those letters before noon”_ “They’ve already ___, sir. They’re on your desk.” A. typed B. been being typed C. being typed D. been typed 23. Sarah is wearing a blouse. It___ of cotton. A. be made B. are made C. is made D. made 24. They had a boy ___ that yesterday. A. done B. to do C. did D. do 25. We got our mail ___ yesterday. A. been delivered B. delivered C. delivering D. to deliver 26. James the news as soon as possible. A. should tell B. should be told C. should told D. should be telled 27. My wedding ring ___ yellow and white gold. A. is made B. is making C. made D. make 28. Mr. Wilson is ___ as Willie to his friend. A. known B. knew C. is known D. know 29. References ___ in the examination room. A. not are used B. is not used C. didn’t used D. are not used 30. Laura ___ in Boston. A. are born B. were born C. was born D. born 31. His car needs ___. A. be fixed B. fixing C. to be fixing D. fixed 32. Her watch needs ___. A. repairing B. to be repaired C. repaired D. A and B 33. My mother is going ___ this house. A. sold B. sell C. to be sold D. to sell 34. There’s somebody behind us. I think we are ___. A. being followed B. are followed C. follow D. following 35. Have you ___ by a dog? A. bite B. bit C. ever been bitten D. ever been bit 36. The room is being ___ at the moment. A. was cleaned B. cleaned C. cleaning D. clean 37. It ___ that the strike will end soon. A. is expected B. expected C. are expected D. was expected 38. It is ___ that many people are homeless after the floods. A. was reported B. reports C. reported D. reporting 39. He was said ___ this building. A. designing B. to have designed C. to design D. designed 40. Ted ___ by a bee while he was sitting in the garden. A. got sting B. got stung C. get stung D. gets stung 41. These tennis courts don’t ___ very often. Not many people want to play. A. got used B. used C. get used D. get use 42. I’ll get Minh ___ do this for you. A. do B. done C. did D. to do 6
7. 43. Those letters ___ now. You can do the typing later. A. need typing B. needn't be typed C. need to type D. needn't typing 44. “What a beautiful dress you are wearing”- “thanks, it___ especially for me by a French tailor.” A. is made B. has made C. made D. was made 45. Somebody cleans the room every day. A. The room everyday is cleaned. B. The room is every day cleaned. C. The room is cleaned every day. D. The room is cleaned by somebody every day. 46. People don’t use this road very often. A. This road is not used very often. B. Not very often this road is not used. C. This road very often is not used. D. This road not very often is used. 47. How do people learn languages? A. How are languages learned? B. How are languages learned by people? C. How languages are learned? D. Languages are learned how? 48. Over 1500 new houses ___ each year. Last year, 1720 new houses ___. A. were built/ were built B. are built/ were built C. are building / were built D. were built/ were being built 49. Tom bought that book yesterday. A. That book was bought by Tom yesterday. B. That book was bought yesterday by Tom. C. That book yesterday was bought by Tom D. That book was bought yesterday. 50. The new computer system ___ next month. A. is be installed B. is being installed C. is been installed D. is being installed by people 1. C 6. D 11. D 16. B 21. D 26. B 31. B 36. B 41. C 46. A 2. B 7. C 12. C 17. D 22. D 27. A 32. A 37. A 42. A 47. A 3. B 8. B 13. A 18. C 23. C 28. A 33. D 38. C 43. D 48. B 4. B 9. D 14. B 19. A 24. A 29. D 34. A 39. B 44. D 49. A 5. C 10. D 15. A 20. A 25. B 30. C 35. C 40. B 45. C 50. B EX 2. 1. The telephone ___ by Alexander Graham Bell. A. invented B. is inventing C. be invented D. was invented 2. Mr. Pike ___the most famous archaeologist in our city. A. says to be B. is said to be C. is said that C. said to be 3. Many people believe that God created the world. A. It believes that God created the world. B. The world is believed God created. C. God is believed to create the world. D. God is believed to have created the world. 4. ___to be the richest man in the USA. A. Bill Gates B. Bill Gates says C. Bill Gates is D. Bill Gates is said 5. John is said to have been stolen the money. A. It is said that John steals the money. B. It is said that John was stolen money. C. People said John was stolen the money 7
8. D. People say that John steals the money 6. It is said that many people are homeless after the floods. A. Many people say to be homeless after the floods. B. Many people said are homeless after the floods. C. Many people are said to be homeless after the floods. D. Many people are said to have been homeless after the floods. 7. They think visiting the pyramids is interesting. A. The pyramids are thought interesting to be visited. B. It is thought the pyramids are visited interesting. C. Visiting the pyramids is thought to be interesting. D. Visiting the pyramids is thought to have been interesting. 8. The skyscraper is said to have been built in 1930. A. They said the skyscraper was built in 1930. B. It was said that the skyscraper was built in 1930. C. They are said the skyscraper is built in 1930. D. It is said that the skyscraper was built in 1930. 9. They predict that a heavy storm will come in the area. A. A heavy storm is predicted to have come in the area. B. It is predicted that a heavy storm would come in the area. C. A heavy storm is predicted to come in the area. D. It is predicted that a heavy storm came in the area. 10. ___how the ancient Egyptian carried such heavy blocks of stone. A. People do not know B. People have not been known C. It has not known D. It has not known 11. John ___The Great Pyramid of Giza. A. said to have been visited B. is said to have visited C. is said to have been visitedD. said to have visited. 12. People say that six out of the seven wonders of the ancient world were destroyed. A. It was said that six out of the seven wonders of the ancient world were destroyed. B. Six out of the seven wonders of the ancient world were said to be destroyed. C. Six out of the seven wonders of the ancient world are said to have destroyed. D. Six out of the seven wonders of the ancient world are said to have been destroyed. 13. It is believed that a buried treasure was hidden in the tomb. A. They believed that a buried treasure was hidden in the tomb. B. A buried treasure is believed that was hidden in the tomb. C. A buried treasure is believed to hide in the tomb. D. A buried treasure is believed to have been hidden in the tomb. 14. George ___another trip to Greece. A. is said to be planned B. said to be planned C. said to be planning D. is said to be planning 15. ___ some precious things stolen from that ancient tomb. A. People knew that he buys B. It was known that he has bought C. They knew that he has bought D. They know that he bought 16. The X-ray___ in 1895. A. is said to have been discovered B. is said to be discovered C. said to have been discovered D. said to discover 17. Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony___ next weekend. A. is going to be performed B. has been performed 8
9. C. will be performing D. will have performed 18. I hate___ personal questions by newly-acquainted friends A. to be asking B. be asked C. being askedD. of asking 19. Reagan___ an actor years ago. A. is said to be B. was said being C. was said have been D. is said to have been 20. It___ that learning a foreign language___ a lot of time. A. says / is taken B. is saying / has been taken C. is said / takes D. was said / was taken. 21. The trees___. A. were grown by John yesterday in the backyard B. were grown in the backyard yesterday by John C. were grown in the backyard by John yesterday D. in the backyard were grown yesterday by John 22. ___yet? A. Have the letters been typed B. Have been the letters typed C. Have the letters typed D. Had the letters typed 23. English has become a second language in some countries where ___for administration, broadcasting and education. A. is used B. it is used C. used D. being used 24. ___ the room been cleaned yet? A. Have B. Has C. Did D. Was 25. Lots of houses___ by the earthquake. A. are destroying B. destroyed C. were destroying D. were destroyed 26. In the US, the first stage of compulsory education ___ as elementary education. A. to be generally known B. is generally known C. generally known D. is generally knowing 27. Education___ to be the most important element to develop a country. A. often be considered B. can often consider C. often considers D. can often be considered 28. Portuguese___ as an official language in this city for three hundred years. A. has always been spoken B. has been spoken always C. has always spoken D. had always spoken 29. More than ten victims___ missing in the storm last week. A. are reported to be B. are reported to have been C. are reporting to have been D. are reporting to be. 30. This car___. A. was manufactured in Japan by Toyota last year. B. was manufactured by Toyota in Japan last year. C. was manufactured last year in Japan by Toyota. D. last year was manufactured in Japan by Toyota. 31. I have my teeth checking by the dentist. A B C D 32. These pills should be take every four hours. A B C D 33. The letter should been delivered in the afternoon. A B C D 34. The mail has sent to the wrong address. 9
10. A B C D 35. They were questioning by the police. A B C D KEY 1.D 2. B 3.D 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. C 8. D 9. C 10. A 11.B 12. D 13.D 14. D 15. D 16. A 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. C 21.C 22. A 23.B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. A 31.C 32. C 33.B 34. A 35. B EX 3. Writing: 1. People say that prevention is better than cure. It 2. People suppose that Michael eats spiders. Michael 3. It is expected that the strike will end soon. The strike 4. The manager must sign the cheque. The cheque 5. They haven’t seen their younger son for three weeks. The younger son 6. They asked me some questions at the interview. I 7. Nobody told me about the meeting. I wasn’t 8. Have you fed the chickens yet? Have the chickens 9. They didn’t give me the information I needed. I 10. I never hear him shout at the children. He 11. My parents made me learn harder for the final test. I 12. No one has used that door for 20 years. That door 13. They showed his photograph on television. His photograph 14. I don’t want people to make me a fool. I don’t want to 15. She dislikes people shouting at her. She dislikes being KEY 1. It is said that prevention is better than cure. 10
11. 2. Michael is supposed to eats spiders. 3. The strike is expected to end soon. 4. The cheque must be signed by the manager. 5. The younger son hasn’t been seen for three weeks. 6. I was asked some questions at the interview. 7. I wasn’t told about the meeting. 8. Have the chickens been fed yet? 9. I wasn’t given the information I needed. 10. He is never heard to shout at the children. 11. I was made to learn harder for the final exam by my parents. 12. That door hasn’t been used for 20 years. 13. His photograph was shown on television. 14. I don’t want to be made a fool. 15. She dislikes being shouted at. BÀI TẬP THỂ TRUYỀN KHIẾN( HAVE/GET SOMETHING DONE) Exercise 1 1. I'll have the boys___ the chairs. a. paint b. to paint c. painted d. painting 2. I am going to have a new house___ a. build b. to build c. built d. building 3. Have these flowers___ to her office, please. a. taken b. taking c. take d. to take 4. You should have your car___ before going. a. servicing b. to service c. service d. serviced 5. I'll have a new dress___ for my daughter. a. making b. to make c. make d. made 6. Pupils should have their eyes___ regularly. a. tested b. to test c. test d. testing 7. Lisa had the roof___ yesterday. a. repair b. repaired c. to repair d. repairing 8. They have just had air conditioning___ in their house. a. install b. to install c. installed d. installing 9. We had the room___ yesterday a. decorates b. had decorated c. decorated d. decorating 10. The villagers have had the use of this washing machine___ by this engineer. a. explain b. explained c. to explain d. explains 11. By___ the housework done, we have time to further our studies. a. taking b. to have c. having d. to get 12. The government has had new houses___ in the rural areas. a. build b. built c. to be built d. building 13. They had the swamp___ last year. a. drain b. to drain c. cut d. to cut 11
12. 14. She is going to have her wedding dress___ a. cutting b. cuts c. cut d. to cut 15. It's about time you had your house___ a. whitewash b. whitewashed c. whitewashing d. to whitewash 16. I'm sorry I'm late, but I___ my watch___ on the way here. a. have/cleaned b. had/clean c. had/cleaned d. had/to clean 17. Please have the cleaner___ this meeting room. a. sweep b. swept c. sweeping d. to sweep 18. I'd like to have my shoes___ at one. a. repair b. repairing c. repaired d. being repaired 19. My grandmother had a tooth___ last week. a. fill b. filling c. filled d. to be filled 20. We had the roof___ last year. a. mend b. mending c. mended d. being mended Exercise 2 1. We have just had the carpenter___ this chair. a. made b. make c. to make d. making 2. What did you do this morning? We ___ the room whitewashed. a. had b. have c. got to d. order 3. I have had my room___ today. a. clean b. cleaning c. cleaned d. being cleaned 4. John had just had his brother___ a house for him on Fifth Avenue. a. building b. build c. to build d. built 5. Let's have our waiter___ some coffee a. bring b. to bring c. bringing d. brought 6. You ought to have your coat___ a. clean and press b. cleaned and pressed c. cleaning and pressing d. cleaning and pressed 7. The teacher had the students___ their test. a. had in b. handed in c. handing in d. having handed in 8. The students got the librarian___ books for them. a. buy b. to buy c. bought d. buying 9. Why don't you have that coat___? a. cleaned b. clean c. cleaning d. to clean 10. She doesn't like having her picture___ a. take b. taken c. taking d. to take 11. James had his nose___ in a fight. a. break b. to break c. breaking d. broken 12. Frank had his passport___ on a train. a. stealing b. to steal c. stolen d. steal 13. Fred had his hat___ off in the wind. a. blow b. blown c. blowing d. to blow 14. George had his papers___ at the police station. a. take b. to take c. taking d. taken 15. Bill is having his shoes___ a. shined b. to shine c. chining d. shine 16. I'll have another key___ 12
13. a. made b. making c. to make d. make 17. Do you have a newspaper___ to your home? a. deliver b. delivered c. to deliver d. delivering 18. I have not had the film___ yet. a. develop b. to develop c. developing d. doing 19. She had her hair___ yesterday. a. done b. do c. to do d. doing 20. Have her___ these letters, please. a. type b. to type c. typed d. typing Exercise 1 1a 2c 3a 4d 5d 6a 7b 8c 9c 10b 11c 12b 13d 14c 15b 16c 17a 18c 19c 20c Exercise 2 1b 2c 3a 4d 5d 6b 7a 8b 9a 10b 11d 12c 13b 14d 15a 16a 17a 18d 19a 20a 13